These verbs are all compounds of the irregular verb meaning 'to bear,' (fero, ferre, tuli, latus). Notice how the spelling and the pronunciation of each preposition may undergo assimilation, depending on which consonant sound it precedes. The vocabulary items in this episode are as follow: ad: affero, afferre, attuli, allatus; ab: aufero, auferre, abstuli, ablatus; com: confero, conferre, contuli collatus; de: defero, deferre, detuli, delatus; dis: differo, differre, distuli, dilatus; ex: effero, efferre, extuli, elatus; in: infero, inferre, intuli, illatus; ob: offero, offerre, obtuli, oblatus; re: refero, referre, rettuli, relatus; sub: suffero, sufferre, sustuli, sublatus; trans: transfero, transferre, transtuli, translatus.

These verbs are all compounds of the irregular verb "to be," (sum, esse, fui, futurus) and will frequently take the dative case. Verba mihi desunt, for instance, is the way a Roman would say "words fail me," or "I'm speechless." See Gildersleeve & Lodge: 347, Dative and Verbs Compounded with Prepositions, for more examples.

386 of the most frequently used irregular verbs in the Latin language with all four principal parts. These verbs belong to the 4th Conjugation: (blandior, blandiri, blanditus sum). Note that these verbs are passive in form but active in sense. Note also that the verb ORIOR, ORIRI, ORTUS SUM was very frequently conjugated by Romans as a 3rd and not a 4th conjugation verb. Thus the accent fell on the first syllable and not on the second syllable of ORITUR. As you will hear, I have decided again to go against convention and not include the final "sum" for the third principal part. Just remember to add it mentally yourself.

386 of the most frequently used irregular verbs in the Latin language with all four principal parts. These verbs belong to the 4th Conjugation: (venio, venire, veni, ventum). Note that these verbs are all compounds of the intransitive verb "venio." Nevertheless, not all of the verbs in this episode are intransitive. Some are transitive. Listen carefully to the fourth principal part to determine whether the verb is more likely to be intransitive (vent-um) or transitive (invent-us).

386 of the most frequently used irregular verbs in the Latin language with all four principal parts. These verbs belong to the 4th Conjugation: (sentio, sentire, sensi, sensus). Note that the PERFECT ends in -SI.

386 of the most frequently used irregular verbs in the Latin language with all four principal parts. These verbs belong to the 4th Conjugation: (salio, salire, salui, saltum). Note that the PERFECT ends in -UI. Note also that two of the verbs in this episode (salto and insulto) belong to the 1st Conjugation. They are built off of the fourth principal part (SALT-UM > SALT-ARE) or what would have been the fourth principal part (INSULT-UM > INSULT-ARE), if it existed. Such verbs denote repetitive or continuous action. This is why the verb SALTARE means "to dance," because dancing - for the Romans, at least - was an act of leaping and bounding continuously.